Traditional machining is done by manual operation of ordinary machine tools. During machining, mechanical tools are shaken by hand to cut metal, and calipers and other tools are used to measure the accuracy of products. Modern industries have already used computer numerically controlled machine tools for the operation, and CNC machine tools can automatically process any product and component directly according to the program pre-programmed by technicians. This is what we call “CNC machining”. CNC machining is widely used in any field of machining, and it is also the development trend and important and necessary technical means of mold machining.
- What is CNC technology? Computer digital control is referred to as Numerical Control. It is a method of using digital information to control the machine tool movement and processing process. A machine tool that implements machining control with numerical control technology, or a machine tool equipped with a numerical control system is called a numerically controlled (NC) machine tool. The numerical control system includes a numerical control device, programmable controller, spindle drive and feeding device, etc. The numerical control machine tool is a highly integrated product of machine, electricity, hydraulic, gas, and light. To realize the control of the machine tool, it is necessary to describe the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece with geometric information and to describe some technological parameters that must be possessed by the machine tool with technological information. Examples: feed rate, spindle speed, spindle forward and reverse rotation, tool change, coolant switch, etc. This information is stored in the information carrier (such as magnetic disk, punched paper tape, magnetic tape, etc.) according to a certain format to form a processing file (that is, a normal CNC machining program), and then read in by the CNC system on the machine tool (or directly through the CNC system). Keyboard input or input through communication), by decoding it, so that the machine tool moves and processes parts. Modern CNC machine tools are typical products of mechatronics and are the technical basis for a new generation of production technology, computer integrated manufacturing systems, etc…
- The development trend of modern CNC machine tools is a high speed, high precision, high reliability, multi-function, compound, intelligent and open structure. The main development trend is to research and develop intelligent full-function general-purpose numerical control devices with open structures in both software and hardware. CNC technology is the basis of machining automation and the core technology of CNC machine tools. Its level is related to the national strategic position and the level of national comprehensive strength. With the development of information technology, microelectronics technology, automation technology, and detection technology develop. A CNC machining center is a CNC machine tool with a tool magazine that can automatically change tools and can perform various processing operations on the workpiece within a certain range. The characteristics of machining parts on the machining center are: after the machined part is clamped once, the CNC system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace the tool according to different procedures; automatically change the machine tool spindle speed, feed, and the movement path of the tool relative to the workpiece And other auxiliary functions, it can continuously and automatically perform multi-process processing such as drilling, countersinking, reaming, boring, tapping, and milling on each processing surface of the workpiece. Since the machining center can complete various processes in a centralized and automatic manner, it avoids human operation errors, reduces workpiece clamping, measurement and adjustment time of machine tools, and workpiece turnover, handling, and storage time, greatly improving processing efficiency and machining accuracy. , so it has good economic benefits. Machining centers can be divided into vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers according to the position of the spindle in space.
- Numerical control technology and equipment is the enabling technology and the most basic equipment for the development of emerging high-tech industries and cutting-edge industries. The information industry, biological industry, aviation, aerospace, and other national defense industries of various countries in the world widely use numerical control technology to improve the manufacturing capacity and level and improve the adaptability and competitiveness to the market. The industrialized countries also list CNC technology and CNC equipment as national strategic materials, not only vigorously developing their CNC technology and its industries but also implementing blockade and restriction policies on my country in terms of “high-precision” CNC key technologies and equipment. Therefore, vigorously developing advanced manufacturing technology with numerical control technology as the core has become an important way for developed countries in the world to accelerate economic development, and improve comprehensive national strength and national status.
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